Efeitos rendimento escolar, infraestrutura e prática docente na qualidade do ensino médio no Brasil / School performance, infrastructure and teaching practice effects on secondary education in Brazil / Efectos del desempeño escolar, la infraestructura y la práctica docente sobre la calidad de la educación secundaria en Brasil

O artigo identifica e discute fatores escolares que mais influenciam a qualidade do ensino médio no Brasil: rendimento escolar, infraestrutura ou prática docente. Foram utilizados os dados do Censo Escolar e do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. A técnica de mineração de dados levantou características-chave para o bom desempenho escolar. Um modelo de regressão logística identificou os fatores escolares que mais influenciam o desempenho escolar dos alunos da rede pública de ensino médio regular no Brasil. Investigaram-se, também, os diferenciais de desempenho escolar de alunos do ensino médio segundo o tipo de escola e tipo de ensino, bem como os diferenciais interestaduais, considerando o sistema público de ensino médio regular. Os resultados apontam que alunos de escolas estaduais estão em desvantagem e que os de escolas privadas e federais possuem desempenho semelhante, quando considerado apenas o tipo de escola. Ao se levar em conta também o tipo de ensino, os alunos do ensino regular das escolas federais apresentam o melhor desempenho, cerca de 1,3 vez maior do que o dos alunos das escolas estaduais. Não há grandes disparidades interestaduais, embora os resultados apontem diferenciação regional. Dentre os fatores escolares, a qualificação docente se mostrou o fator mais impactante no desempenho escolar.

This paper identifies and discusses school factors that most influence the quality of secondary education in Brazil: school performance, infrastructure, and teaching practice. We used data from the School Census and the National High School Exam (ENEM). The data mining technique has raised key characteristics for good school performance. A logistic regression model identified school characteristics that most influence the school performance of public high school students in Brazil. School performance was also investigated according to the type of school and type of education; and interstate differentials, considering the regular public high school system. Results show that students from state schools are at a disadvantage and that those from private and federal schools have similar performance when considering only the type of school. When considering the type of education as well, regular school students from federal schools have the best performance, about 1.3 times higher than that of state schools students. There are no major interstate disparities, although the results point to regional differentiation. Among school factors, teacher qualification proved to be the most impacting factor on school performance.

El presente artículo identifica y discute los factores escolares que más influyen en la calidad de la educación secundaria en Brasil: desempeño escolar, infraestructura o práctica docente. Para ello se utilizaron datos del censo escolar y del examen nacional de secundaria. La técnica de minería de datos ha planteado características clave para un buen desempeño escolar, y un modelo de regresión logística identificó los factores escolares que más influyen en el desempeño escolar de los estudiantes de la escuela secundaria pública en Brasil. También se investigaron las diferencias de desempeño escolar de los estudiantes de secundaria según el tipo de escuela y el tipo de educación, y diferenciales interestatales, considerando el sistema público de la escuela secundaria regular. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de las escuelas estatales están en desventaja y que los de las escuelas privadas y federales tienen un desempeño similar al considerar solo el tipo de escuela, pero al considerar también el tipo de educación los estudiantes de escuelas regulares de las escuelas federales tienen el mejor desempeño, aproximadamente 1,3 veces más alto que el de los estudiantes de las escuelas estatales. No hay grandes disparidades interestatales, aunque los resultados apuntan a una diferenciación regional. Entre los factores escolares, la calificación de los maestros resultó ser el factor más impactante en el desempeño escolar.

The physical activity level during leisure time among junior high school students in Jinshan District is most affected by individual factors, followed by interpersonal factors and residence. The time spent on physical activity at weekends is insufficient, and the influence of residence is behind individual factors / 预防医学

Objective@#To evaluate the effects of community health education on the quality of life of diabetic patients.@*Methods@#The databases of CNKI,Wanfang,CBMdisc,VIP,PubMed,Embase and Google Scholar were searched for the literatures about the effects of community health education on the quality of life of diabetic patients published from the time the databases established to August 1st,2019. Standardized mean difference（SMD）was used as a indicator for the meta-analysis. @*Results@#A total of 739 articles were retrieved,and 20 articles were finally included,with 1 727 cases in the experimental group and 1 645 cases in the control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the traditional intervention methods and no intervention,community health education had obviously better effects on physiological function（SMD=0.67,95%CI：0.29-1.05,P<0.05）,psychological function（SMD=0.73,95%CI：0.40-1.06,P<0.05）and social relationship（SMD=0.69,95%CI：0.33-1.04,P<0.05）. The results were stable according to sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found by Egger's test. @* Conclusion @# Community health education can effectively improve the quality of life of diabetic patients in physiological function,psychological function and social relationship.

Desempenho físico e qualidade de vida de pacientes hipertensos em um programa de orientação educacional / Physical performance and quality of life of hypertense patients in an educational guidance program

INTRODUÇÃO: Intervenções educacionais, que incluem aumento no nível de atividade física e controle da hipertensão arterial, podem ser estratégias eficazes e de baixo custo. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de um programa educacional no controle da pressão arterial (PA), desempenho físico e qualidade de vida (QV) de hipertensos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo de intervenção, controlado, não randomizado, com adultos hipertensos, ambos os gêneros, acompanhados ambulatoriamente. O programa multiprofissional constituiu-se de 12 encontros com orientações sobre DCV e mudanças no estilo de vida. Aplicou-se o teste de caminhada dos seis minutos (TC6M), questionários QV Minnesota e Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e medidas de PA. Utilizou-se os testes t-Student pareado ou de Wilcoxon e ANOVA para medidas repetidas. RESULTADOS: Participaram 20 pacientes, 82% mulheres, 62±11 anos. Houve redução da pressão arterial sistólica (147,0 vs126,0) e diastólica (85,0 vs 70,0), aumento na distância percorrida (458±83 vs 499±77 p<0,001), redução nos sintomas de fadiga (4±3 vs 2±3 p<0,001) e dispneia (4±2 vs 2±2 p<0,05) aos esforços e referência de maior nível de AF (sedentários 2 vs 0; irregularmente ativos 12 vs 5; ativos 8 vs 11; muito ativos 0 vs 4). Redução na pontuação de todos os domínios na QV foi significante: Físico (14,5±11,7 vs 8,9±9,9 p=0,004); Emocional (8,4±6,5 vs 5,3±6,6 p=0,004); Outros (9,5±8,5 vs 6,6 p<0,001); Total (32,5±25,5 vs 19,7±23,5 p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Programas educacionais, envolvendo aumento da atividade física, são eficazes no controle da PA, aumento no desempenho físico e melhora na QV de pacientes hipertensos.

INTRODUCTION: Educational interventions, including increased physical activity and control of hypertension, can be effective and cost-effective strategies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of an educational program on the control of blood pressure (BP), physical performance and quality of life (QOL) of hypertensive patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Non-randomized controlled intervention study with hypertensive adults, both genders, followed up on an outpatient basis. The multiprofessional program consisted of 12 meetings with guidance on CVD and lifestyle changes. The six-minute walk test (6MWT), the QL Minnesota and International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) and BP measurements were applied. The paired Student t test or Wilcoxon and ANOVA tests were used for repeated measures. RESULTS: Twenty patients participated, 82% women, 62 ± 11 years old. There was a reduction in systolic (147.0 vs 126.0) and diastolic (85.0 vs 70.0) blood pressure, increased distance covered (458 ± 83 vs 499 ± 77 p <0.001), reduction in symptoms of fatigue (4 ± 3 vs 2 ± 3 p <0.001) and dyspnea (4 ± 2 vs 2 ± 2 p <0.05) on exertion and reference of higher PA level (sedentary 2 vs 0; irregularly active 12 vs 5; active 8 vs 11; very active 0 vs 4). Reduction in the score of all domains in QOL was significant: Physical (14.5 ± 11.7 vs 8.9 ± 9.9 p = 0.004); Emotional (8.4 ± 6.5 vs 5.3 ± 6.6 p = 0.004); Others (9.5 ± 8.5 vs 6.6 p <0.001); Total (32.5 ± 25.5 vs 19.7 ± 23.5 p <0.001). CONCLUSION: Educational programs involving increased physical activity are effective in controlling BP, increasing physical performance and improving QoL of hypertensive patients.

Gestión de calidad en la educación a distancia. Caso de una maestría de gerencia en salud / Quality Management in Distance Education. The Case of a Master's Degree Course in Health Management

Introducción: La vigilancia permanente de la calidad constituye un requerimiento ético y un compromiso de las universidades actuales, como garantía de la formación de profesionales con elevada sensibilidad social. Objetivo: Desarrollar un modelo de gestión de calidad en la educación a distancia, idóneo para la maestría de Gerencia en Salud para el Desarrollo Local, basado en las necesidades detectadas por los estudiantes y en las experiencias de buenas prácticas en esta modalidad. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación acción, con adaptación parcial de la metodología del marco lógico, en un posgrado administrado en la modalidad a distancia en la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador. La experiencia se desarrolló mediante un diagnóstico de las debilidades académicas y administrativas de la maestría, a partir del cual se diseñó, implementó y evaluó un modelo de gestión de calidad, basado en las necesidades detectadas por los estudiantes, y en la revisión de estándares y experiencias de calidad. Asimismo, con un nivel de confianza de 95 por ciento, una precisión de 3 por ciento y una proporción de 5 por ciento, se calculó el tamaño muestral de 108 informantes, seleccionados al azar de una población de 230 estudiantes. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que todos los elementos incluidos en el modelo fueron útiles para mejorar la calidad del programa. Sin embargo, se necesita continuar fortaleciendo la calidad de atención tutorial, especialmente en cuanto a los tiempos de respuesta, la afectividad de los mensajes y la empatía demostrada en los procesos de realimentación. Conclusiones: Es prioritario mejorar los aspectos administrativos implicados en las actividades presenciales, así como dar seguimiento continuo a los elementos del modelo mediante la ampliación de otros aspectos considerados en las teorías educativas y en los estándares de calidad nacional e internacional(AU)

Introduction: Permanent quality monitoring constitutes an ethical requirement and a commitment of universities nowadays, as a guarantee for the training of professionals with high social sensitivity. Objective: To develop a quality management model in distance education, suitable for the master's degree course in Health Management for Local Development, based on the needs detected by the students and experiences of good practices in this modality. Methods: An action research was carried out, with partial adaptation of the logical framework methodology, in a postgraduate course administered in the distance modality at Particular Technical University of Loja, Ecuador. The experience was developed through diagnosis of the academic and administrative weaknesses of the master's degree course, from which a quality management model was designed, implemented and evaluated, based on the needs detected by the students as well as the revision of quality standards and experiences. Likewise, with a confidence level of 95 percent, an accuracy of 3 percent, and a proportion of 5 percent, we calculated the sample size of 108 informants, randomly selected from a population of 230 students. Results: The results indicated that all the elements included in the model were useful to improve the quality of the program. However, it is necessary to continue strengthening the quality of tutorial attention, especially in terms of response times, the affectivity of messages, and the empathy demonstrated in the feedback processes. Conclusions: It is a priority to improve the administrative aspects involved in face-to-face activities, as well as to monitor continuously the elements of the model by expanding other aspects considered in educational theories and in national and international quality standards(AU)

Aseguramiento de la calidad educacional en las universidades de América Latina / Assurance of the teaching quality in the universities of Latin America

El aseguramiento de la calidad de la educación superior en la región latinoamericana ha conllevado el despliegue de medidas provenientes del sector estatal, que conducen a la búsqueda de alternativas en los centros universitarios, con las cuales no siempre se alcanzan los resultados esperados. En este artículo se presenta esta problemática desde la perspectiva del factor humano, expresado en el profesor como actor clave en la construcción de instituciones donde se labora en función de desarrollar la calidad educacional como propuesta a su contexto social concreto

The assurance of the higher education quality in Latin American region has motivated the implementation of measures coming from the state sector that guide to the search of alternatives in the university centers, with which the prospective results are not always reached. In this article this problem is presented from the perspective of the human factor, expressed in the professor as key actor in the building of institutions where it is worked for the aim of developing the teaching quality as proposal to its concrete social context

Efectividad de un taller para docentes de diseño de recursos didácticos en el mejoramiento de la calidad de las guías didácticas / Effectiveness of teacher's workshop for designing didactic resources in the improvements of the quality of didactic guidelines

Introducción: Una de las variables que mayor influencia tiene en la calidad de los recursos didácticos y, por consiguiente, en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes es la habilidad de los docentes para su diseño. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de un taller de diseño de recursos didácticos en el mejoramiento de la calidad de las guías didácticas propuestas por los docentes pertenecientes a dos facultades de ciencias de la salud. Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, cuasi experimental pre-test/post-test con grupo control. Se consideró como variable independiente la participación en el módulo de diseño de guías didácticas del taller de diseño de recursos didácticos y como variable dependiente el incremento en la calidad de las guías didácticas. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el aumento en el mejoramiento de la calidad de las guías didácticas propuestas por los docentes del grupo experimental fue estadísticamente significativo (t= 4,167, p= 0,004), mientras que aquel obtenido por los docentes del grupo control (t= 3,062, p= 0,688) no arrojó significación estadística. Conclusiones: se concluye que aún queda camino por recorrer en la profesionalización pedagógica de los docentes de la educación médica, sobre todo en lo referente a la implementación de prácticas y políticas de capacitación docente(AU)

Introduction: One of the variables that has the greatest influence on the quality of teaching resources and, therefore, on student learning is the ability of teachers to design those resources. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a workshop for designing didactic resources in improving the quality of the didactic guidelines proposed by teachers belonging to two faculties of health sciences. Method: A quantitative, quasiexperimental pre-test/post-test study with control group was developed. The participation in the module for designing didactic guidelines of the workshop of design of didactic resources was considered an independent variable, while the quality of didactic guidelines was considered a dependent variable. Results: The results showed that the improvement in the quality of the didactic guidelines proposed by the teachers of the experimental group was statistically significant (t= 4.167, p= 0.004), while that obtained by the teachers of the control group (t= 3.062, p= 0) did not show statistical significance. Conclusions: There is still a long way ahead in the pedagogical professionalization of teachers of medical education, especially in relation to the implementation of teacher training policies and practices(AU)

La evaluación del profesorado universitario: tendencias en Iberoamérica / University faculty evaluation: Ibero-America trends

Introducción: la evaluación del profesorado universitario en Iberoamérica es motivo de un profundo debate por la importancia del impacto en la calidad de la educación superior. Objetivo: caracterizar las principales tendencias que emergen del análisis de la literatura reciente en el ámbito de la evaluación profesoral universitaria en Iberoamérica. Métodos: se procedió en primera instancia a una identificación de material bibliográfico mediante una revisión sistemática de artículos obtenidos de la búsqueda en Google Académico a partir de palabras claves definidas por los autores y luego a un análisis de contenido de los estudios seleccionados, incluyendo estudios clásicos dedicados al tema. Resultados: del estudio emergieron cuatro grandes tendencias que permitieron a los autores definir elementos de juicio sobre el tema objeto de análisis. Conclusiones: se precisan desafíos consustanciales a la mejora de la calidad del proceso de la evaluación profesoral(AU)

Introduction: evaluation of university professors in Ibero-America justifies a profound debate about the importance of impacting higher education quality. Objective: to characterize the main trends emerging from the analysis of recent literature within the field of university professorial evaluation in Ibero-America. Methods: we started first with the identification of bibliographic material through a systematic review of articles obtained from the Google Scholar search engine using keywords defined by the authors. Then, we carried out an analysis of the content related to the chosen studies, including classic studies about to the subject. Results: four major trends emerged from the study, which allowed the authors to define elements of judgment on the subject under analysis. Conclusions: consubstantial challenges are required to improve the quality of the teacher evaluation process(AU)

Trayectorias del agenciamiento de niños menores de dos años: una propuesta para el análisis de interacciones cotidianas en contextos de cuidado / Agency trajectories in Young children: a proposal for the analysis of everyday caregiving practices

Resumen En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio exploratorio sobre las trayectorias de agenciamiento de 16 bebés (58 % niñas; M=11 meses, DE=2 meses) en interacciones con maestras y con objetos durante situaciones pedagógicas. La investigación se realizó en dos jardines infantiles públicos en la ciudad de Cali (Colombia). Se realizaron registros fílmicos durante cinco mañanas para capturar las rutinas de los jardines; posteriormente se identificaron y codificaron cualitativamente las secuencias de interacción en las que participó cada niño, utilizando el sistema de video-anotación ANVIL 5.0. Cada secuencia de interacción inicia con la búsqueda de un objeto, el encuentro con el mismo, su exploración y el abandono del objeto, que denominamos cierre de la secuencia. Finalmente, se analizaron las trayectorias de agenciamiento de los niños utilizando el paquete estadístico STATA 12.0. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de cuatro trayectorias, solo una de ellas con resultados favorecedores para el desarrollo de la agencia de los niños. Se discute el lugar de las prácticas educativas en contextos institucionales en momentos tempranos del desarrollo y sus implicaciones sobre la constitución de los niños/as pequeños/as como agentes de sus experiencias.

Abstract This paper aims to explore the agency trajectories in 16 babies (58 % girls; M= 11 months, SD=2) during their interactions with teachers and objects, while they are engaged in pedagogical events. This research was conducted in two public preschools in Cali, Colombia. We used a mixed methods approach to analyze filmic records videotaped for five mornings, capturing preschools' routines. Afterwards, we qualitatively coded interaction sequences for each participating child, using the video annotation coding system ANVIL 5.0. We defined an interaction sequence as a process initiating with a searching behavior, the access to the object, its exploration and abandonment, closing each sequence. Finally, we estimated agency trajectories using STATA 12.O. Our results suggest four agency trajectories, only one of them having favorable results for children agency development. We discuss the role of educational practices in institutional contexts during early development and its implications on children's agency.

Calidad en la educación superior desde las ciencias sociales y administrativas / Quality of higher education in the areas of social sciences and administration / Qualidade na educação superior desde as ciências sociais e administrativas

Las demandas de la sociedad global en la enseñanza superior exigen adaptarse a procesos de calidad, lo que constituye un reto para el cambio. Este artículo es producto de una investigación, cuyo objetivo fue determinar si los Planes de Mejoramiento de dos programas de estudios acreditados en la facultad de Ciencias de la Administración de la Universidad del ValleColombia, entre 2003 y 2013, se cumplieron; sus avances, aspectos facilitadores y limitantes. La metodología fue un estudio de caso con enfoque mixto, cuantitativo complementado con análisis cualitativo. Las conclusiones arrojaron como aspectos mejorados los Procesos Académicos, la Organización y Gestión de los Programas y factor Profesores. Por mejorar, se detectaron Egresados y Bienestar estudiantil y la necesidad del formar una cultura continua de calidad, con impacto social y empresarial.

The demands of the global society in higher education require an adaptation so that these institutions incorporate educational quality process, which represents a challenge for achieving change. This article reports on the findings of a research study that had the objective of determining whether the implementation of actions included in the Improvement Plans of two accredited study programs from the Faculty of Administrative Sciences at the Universidad del Valle in Colombia between 2003 and 2013 met their objectives. Information is also provided about the current state of the implementation of the plans, their strengths as well as the weaknesses. This was a mixed-methods case study, in which the results from the data were complemented by means of a qualitative analysis. The findings show that educational quality in factors such as academic processes, organization and management of the two study programs together with teachers' roles was boosted as a result of the implementation of the Improvement Plans. The author concluded that additional actions need to be implemented with the goal of improving relationships with students, providing for student wellbeing, and creating a permanent-quality culture that is reflected in both the social and the business sectors.

As demandas da sociedade em matéria de ensino superior exigem adaptação aos processos de qualidade, o que constitui um desafio para a mudança. Este artigo é um produto de uma pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi determinar se os Planos de Melhoria de dois programas de estudos credenciados na faculdade de Ciências da Administração da Universidad del Valle, Colômbia, entre 2003 e 2013 foram cumpridos; seus avanços, aspectos facilitadores e limitantes. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo de caso com uma abordagem mista, quantitativa complementada com análise qualitativa. As conclusões evidenciaram como aspectos melhorados: Os Processos Acadêmicos, a Organização e Gestão dos Programas e fator Professores. Como aspectos para melhorar, foram identificados: Formados e Bem-estar estudantil e a necessidade de formar uma cultura contínua de qualidade, com impacto social e empresarial.

Repercussão do grupo da coluna sobre o cotidiano de mulheres que apresentam dores musculoesqueléticas crônicas / Impact of back group on everyday life of women presenting chronic musculoskeletal pain

[{"text": "Introdução: As dores musculoesqueléticas crônicas têm impacto sobre a vida das pessoas, podendo\r\ndesencadear diminuição da qualidade de vida. Políticas nacionais de atenção à saúde propostas nos últimos anos visam garantir a execução de estratégias educativas que promovam saúde e qualidade de vida de usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O projeto Grupo da Coluna no contexto do SUS é oferecido como alternativa de educação em saúde aos usuários com dores musculoesqueléticas crônicas. Objetivo: Conhecer a repercussão do Grupo da Coluna sobre o cotidiano de mulheres participantes do projeto. Método: O estudo foi qualitativo de ordem interpretativa, e o instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram da pesquisa nove mulheres. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas, lidas e analisadas, sendo agrupadas em unidades de significado e posteriormente em duas unidades temáticas. Resultados: O Grupo da Coluna possibilitou às participantes um maior entendimento de suas limitações funcionais e serviu de estímulo para incorporação de uma postura mais adequada e de exercícios que evitem a recorrência de dores musculoesqueléticas. O Grupo também propiciou, segundo as participantes do estudo, um ambiente de acolhimento e interação social. Conclusão: O Grupo da Coluna contribuiu para que as usuárias mudassem seus hábitos e conseguissem relacionar a dor a aspectos psicológicos e a hábitos inadequados.", "_i": "pt"}, {"text": "Introduction: Chronic musculoskeletal pain impacts people's lives, triggering a decrease in the quality\r\nof life. National health Policies proposed in recent years have aimed to ensure the implementation of educational strategies that promote health and quality of life for users of the Unified Health System (SUS). The Back Group project is offered by the SUS as alternative health care education for users with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Objective: To ascertain the day-to-day impact of the Back Group on women participants in the project. Method: A qualitative study of an interpretive order. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured interview. Participants were nine women. Their statements were recorded, transcribed and analyzed, being grouped into two units of meaning and later according to thematic units. Results: The Back Group allowed participants to better understand their functional limitations and served to motivate them to incorporate more adequate posture and exercises that avoid the recurrence of musculoskeletal pain. According to study participants, the Group also provided a welcoming environment for social interaction. Conclusion: The Back Group contributed to users changing their habits, helping\r\nthem to relate pain to psychological questions and poor habits.", "_i": "en"}]

Questions and thoughts on improving the quality of eduction in gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

The present problems were analyzed in the education in the gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine. And then the discusion was underwent as fellowes: the reasonable allocation of teaching hours, enriching teaching methods, setting up the concept of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, developing the another class, paying attention on teacher training and student feedback. In this way, we want to explore the effective methods to improve the quality of education in the gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine.

Major assessment study and practice based on protecting teaching quality / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The major assessment is the key link of the applied undergraduate education quality guarantee system. According to the spirit of the Ministry of Education, The Qiqihar Medical University developed the internal major assessment study and founded 8 first grade indexes and 26 second level indexes including educational idea, teaching staff, major construction. The university also established the major evaluation system, monitor and improve the university's teaching quality. This system makes sense to the establishment and improvement of undergraduate teaching quality guarantee system and has attained great achievement in the building of teaching staff, major construction, teaching environ-ment and teaching idea. Also the school has rectified the problems, making the work more perfect and the teaching better and better.

Investigation and Analysis of Students' Awareness of Education Quality in Yunnan University- Taking 5 Universities in Yunnan as Examples / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective The purpose of this study is to understand students' awareness of education quality and provide an important reference for teaching quality assurance and improvement in universities of Yunnan. Methods By using questionnaire, a survey to 1069 students in 5 grades of 5 Yunnan universities was conducted. Results Students have strong sense on awareness of education quality in Yunnan universities, but it is still necessary to increase the propaganda of education quality among students. Conclusion Focus on the idled teaching evaluation results in 5 universities of Yunnan. Clear and definite the importance of establishing improvement mechanism after teaching evaluation.Focus on the problem of low satisfaction from students. Pay more attention to teaching effect and add it as the important indicator in the teachers' performance assessment.

Using hierarchical teaching to improve geriatrics education quality / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to improve the Geriatrics education quality,Hierarchical teaching was applied in the process of Geriatrics education.On the one hand,the overall thinking,the international perspective,the scientific spirit and humanistic care concepts were cultivated.On the other hand,the distinction between the undergraduate,graduate,postgraduate students and individual differences were paid attention to and hierarchical teaching was given to them respectively.Setting different teaching goals,using different teaching methods and evaluation methods is used to improve the teaching pertinence.With the application of the traditional teaching method and hierarchical teaching,as far as possible to teach students in accordance with their aptitude,improve the pertinence of teaching,arouse students' learning potential,thus improving the quality of teaching,satisfactory results was obtained.

Qualidade na educação infantil pública: concepções de famílias usuárias / Quality of public early childhood settings: conceptions of user families / Calidad de la educación infantil pública: concepciones de las familias usuarias

A qualidade da educação é um conceito construído histórica e socialmente, assim como seus instrumentos de avaliação. Algumas propostas, como as que defendem que a qualidade é dependente de um processo de negociação, preveem a participação de diferentes atores da comunidade na avaliação da instituição, incluindo as famílias. O artigo relata uma pesquisa realizada com foco na participação das famílias na avaliação da qualidade de uma instituição pública de educação infantil, com o objetivo de investigar quais as concepções de qualidade da educação infantil que as famílias constroem no processo de avaliação e quais parâmetros são utilizados nessa construção. Guiada pela perspectiva teórico-metodológica Rede de Significações, a construção dos dados foi realizada com 64 famílias por meio de um questionário e um colóquio em grupo. Os resultados revelam que as famílias apresentam referências de qualidade que vão ao encontro daqueles apontados por especialistas da área. Também chamam atenção para a complexidade da abertura à participação da família na avaliação da qualidade da instituição.

La calidad de la educación es un concepto históricamente y socialmente construido, así como sus herramientas de evaluación. Algunos conceptos argumentan que la calidad de educación depende de un proceso de negociación, considerando la participación de las diferentes comunidades en la evaluación de la educación, e incluyendo a las familias. Este artículo presenta un estudio enfocado en la participación de las familias en la evaluación de la calidad de la educación pública infantil, con el fin de investigar los conceptos de educación preescolar de calidad que las familias construyen en el proceso de evaluación y los parámetros que se utilizan en su construcción. Basados en los conceptos teóricos-metodológicos de Rede de Significações, la construcción de la base de datos se realizó con información de 64 familias a través de un cuestionario y un grupo de conversación. Los resultados revelan que las familias tienen referencias de calidad que cumplan con los señalados por los especialistas. También llamar la atención sobre la complejidad de la apertura de la participación de la familia en la evaluación de la calidad de la institución.

The quality of education along with its evaluation instruments is a concept developed historically and socially. Some concepts understand quality of education as a process of negotiation, significantly evaluated by different members of the educational community, amongst them the families. This article presents a research focused in family's perspective of quality of a public early childhood education setting, aiming to understand what quality of education for those families is and which parameters are selected by them to develop this concept. Based on the theoric-methodologic perspective Rede de Significações, the data was built with 64 families through a questionnaire and a group discussion. Our data reveal that the families show education quality references similar to the Early Childhood experts. It also shows how complex is the family participation in the evaluation of the early childhood education setting quality.

Analysis of the education experience of MD of clinical medicine / 中华医学科研管理杂志

To meet the needs of society,the Academic Degrees Committee of the Chinese State Council set up a Medical Degree in 1998 to train senior clinicians.In order to reveal the influencing factors of the education quality of clinical medicine doctoral programmes,this paper used a questionnaire to evaluate the education experience of clinicians with clinical MD degrees of Peking University Health Science Center.

Reform and practice of medical postgraduate curriculum system / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Curriculum study is a major phase for medical postgraduate education,however,the patterns of the curriculum system are not uniform among domestic medical colleges,not to mention the uniformed patterns for scientific degree and professional degree.Hence,our school has reformed the curriculum system to set up different curriculum systems for both scientific degree and professional degree according to their different educational goals in an aim to improve the quality of education.

Application of problem-based learning in clinical practice teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on improving intern doctors' clinical thinking and problem-solving capacities in clinical practice teaching.Methods PBL teaching courses were designed and used among 72 intern doctors come from 2010 grade clinical medical major (experiment group)and traditional teaching model was applied in 55 intern doctors come from 2009 grade clinical medical major ( control group).The PBL teaching effectiveness was evaluated through expert comment,exam and questionnaire survey.Test was conducted concerning the score of objective theoretical test on clinical thinking and the quality of case report writing.Results There were differences between experiment group and control group in theoretical test score and case report writing quality ( P ＜ 0.01 ).According to the results of questionnaire survey,teachers and students thought that the PBL teaching mode was better than traditional teaching mode in cultivating students' clinical thinking ability and problem solving ability.Conclusion The teaching effect of PBL in clinical practice is satisfactory.PBL teaching can effectively develop the students' clinical thinking and problem-solving capacities and play an active role in improving education quality and promoting education reform.

Evaluación del nivel de conocimientos en áreas básicas en un posgrado de Cardiología / Evaluation of the Level of Knowledge in Basic Areas in Postgraduate Cardiology Education

Background In our country, training in cardiology is achieved by participating in residency programs, attending a hospital cardiology unit or taking university courses. On the basis of comments from teachers giving classes in the SAC Biennial Course about certain kind of deficit in basic areas of the specialty among cardiology residents attending the course, we decided to investigate their knowledge in cardiovascular anatomy, physiology, physical diagnosis, pharmacology and clinical cardiology after 1 or 2 years of training in Internal Medicine or Cardiology residency programs, respectively. Objective To evaluate the knowledge in basic areas in cardiology among residents attending the UBA Biennial Cardiology Course given by the Argentine Society of Cardiology. Material and Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was designed with 50 multiple choice questions, divided in three subjects: Subject A, 17 questions about cardiovascular anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology; Subject B, 15 questions about clinical cardiology, physical diagnosis and electrocardiography; and Subject C, 17 questions regarding medical practice and cardiological clinical syndromes. The questionnaire was answered by residents either initiating the course (Group 1) or who were attending the second year (Group 2). Results In the general exam, Group 1 (n=63) had a median of 29/50 right answers (58%) and Group 2 (n=57) 30/50 (60%). There were no significant differences between both groups (p=0.21). The performance in Subject A was significantly lower compared to Subjects B and C in both groups. Conclusion The level of knowledge in basic areas of cardiology among residents is considered insufficient, with greatest deficits in cardiovascular anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. It is necessary to revise the program of the Biennial Course and to analyze the opportunities of learning and reflection offered by the residency program.

Estrategia de preparación para la evaluación externa de maestrías / Preparation strategy for the external evaluation of master´s studies

OBJETIVO: Describir la estrategia de preparación para la evaluación externa de las maestrías de la Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública. MÉTODOS: Se revisaron los documentos normativos del posgrado para extraer la visión de excelencia y se aplicó la técnica grupo focal para la generación de ideas entre las coordinadoras de las maestrías. RESULTADOS: La estrategia de preparación para la evaluación externa se estructuró en tres fases denominadas: Planificación, Ejecución y Evaluación. En cada fase se identificaron momentos clave y acciones específicas articuladas mediante un proceso de control que actúa como eje transversal de la propia estrategia. CONCLUSIONES: Se relacionaron las fuentes de información necesarias. Las acciones desplegadas por los comités académicos tuvieron carácter científico, metodológico y administrativo. La estrategia utilizada tuvo carácter institucional y contribuyó al logro de la excelencia en las Maestrías de Atención Primaria de Salud, Economía de la Salud y Promoción y Educación para la Salud

OBJECTIVE: To describe the preparation strategy for the external evaluation of the Master´s courses in the National School of Public Health. METHODS: The normative documents of the postgraduate programs to take out the vision of excellence were reviewed and the focal group technique was used to generate ideas from the various coordinators of the master's courses. RESULTS:The preparation strategy for the external evaluation was structured in three phases, that is, planning, implementation and evaluation. Each phase identified key moments and specific actions that were integrated through a control process acting as a supporting point of the strategy as such. CONCLUSIONS: The necessary sources of information were listed. The actions taken by the academic committees were of scientific, methodological and administrative nature. The strategy was institutional and contributed to attain the excellence in master's courses in primary health care, health economics and health promotion and education